继承与振兴——2018·第四届西建大-米兰理工建筑遗产保护设计工作营过程回
发布时间 : 2018年06月19日

继承与振兴——2018·第四届西建大-米兰理工建筑遗产保护设计工作营过程回顾

 

Built Heritage and Revitalization                                                                 
----  Notes from the 4th Xauat-Polimi Architectural Heritage Conservation and Design Enhancement Workshop

 

 


 

前言

       西安建筑科技大学建筑学院——米兰理工大学建筑学院建筑遗产保护联合设计工作营(以下简称中意联合工作营),基于西安建筑科技大学和米兰理工大学硕士双学位合作合作框架,自2015年起每年举办,为期一个月。历届工作营中,中意师生针对文化遗产项目相关课题共同讨论,展开研究和设计。此举既增强了两所建筑院校的深入交流,也针对西安及周边地区的历史遗产保护的未来提供更多研究可能,更为一带一路起点西安以及沿线各国的历史遗产合作研究交流做出了榜样。

 

Preface:

The Joint Design Workshop of the School of Architecture of Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology and Politecnico di Milano, Department of Architecture, Built Environment, Construction Engineering (here in short as the Sino-Italian Joint Workshop) is based on the cooperation framework of the Master Double Degree of Xi’an University of Architecture Technology and School of Architecture Urban Planning and Construction Engineering (AUIC), Politecnico di Milano.

It is held every year in Xi’an, from 2015 onwards, lasting a whole month.

In previous workshops, Chinese and Italian professors, teachers and students met together to discuss relevant topics of cultural heritage sites, crucial for the future identity of Xi’an, and carried out relevant research outcomes and design.

This cooperation does not only enhance the in-depth exchanges between the two architecture schools, but also provide more research possibilities for the future of historical heritage protection in Xi’an and its surrounding areas according to new methodologies based on Italian tradition of urban studies developed from typo-morphological and topographical researches.

It also sets an example for the communication between the two countries lying along the Silk Road, focusing on the interaction between the conservation of heritage structures and their design enhancement to shape meaningful urban parts and direct the city’s future development.

 

 

 

背景

本次第四届中意联合工作营选取柞水县凤凰古镇作为研究对象,展开为期一周的实地调查和三周的古镇更新设计研究。

商洛市柞水县是科技部的定点扶贫单位,同时也是西安建筑科技大学科技扶贫对口单位。凤凰古镇先后隶属镇安县和柞水县,历史悠久,文化底蕴深厚,旅游资源丰富。古镇初建于唐代,距今有1400年的历史,现存古代民居建筑大多建于明清时期,古镇的主街至今保存完好。200212月凤凰古镇被列入省级第四批古建筑群民居文物保护单位。2010年入选第五批中国历史文化名镇。在乡村振兴战略的大背景下,本届工作营针对古镇历史文化遗产的保护和利用现状、古镇更新和可持续发展的策略等方面展开研究工作。

Background information

Fenghuang is one of the key poverty-alleviation villages selected by the ministry of science and technology, and it is also a research-oriented case study site for XAUAT. The workshop’s case study, Fenghuang Old Town that has been historically administrated by Zhenan County and then Zhashui County, has a long history, cultural heritage and potential rich tourism resources. Built in the Tang Dynasty, the town has a history dating back 1400 years ago although most of the existing residential buildings were built in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The urban structure followed the commercial street which now still constitutes the preserved core of the old town.

In December 2002, Fenghuang Ancient Town was chosen in the “Fourth List of Protection Units of Vernacular Buildings” at the provincial level.

In 2010, it was selected as the “Fifth List of Chinese Historical and Cultural Famous Towns”. Under the background of rural settlements and landscape protection, enhancement and revitalization, the workshop has carried out in-depth field survey to envision research methodologies and conservation-reuse- enhancement strategies for protection and revitalization of the old town while, at the same time, making a hidden and deep order of the town structure resurface again to connect the old and the new development in a sustainable and unitary built form,

 

1.工作计划

第一阶段: 4.30–5.9 凤凰古镇现场调研及调研成果汇报

第二阶段:5.105.20 概念设计 及阶段性设计成果汇报the conceptual design report

第三阶段: 5.215.26 成果制作及最终汇报

Work plan

Phase I: 4.30–5.9 Field Survey in Fenghuang Old Town and Research Results

Phase II: 5.10-5.20 Settlement strategy and conceptual design assignments and presentations

Stage 3: 5.21-5.26 Outcome, final report and exhibition

 

1.        教学团队

工作营协调人:Laura Pezzetti, 李岳岩

授课教师团队:Laura Pezzetti, 李岳岩, Nora Lombardini, 范征宇, 崔陇鹏.

助教团队: 李焜, 吴冠宇, 同庆楠, Alberto Malabarba Elena Fioretto,秦岭,Giulia Mazzucchelli

顾问教师团队:刘克成、雷振东、任云英、常海青、马龙

Teaching team

Workshop Directors: Laura A. Pezzetti, LI Yueyan

Professors team: Laura A. Pezzetti, Li Yueyan, Nora Lombardini, Fan Zhengyu, Cui Xiaopeng.

Teaching Assistants: Li Kun, Wu Guanyu, Tong Qingnan, Alberto Malabarba, Elena Fioretto, Qin Ling, Giulia Mazzucchelli.

Consultant professors team: Liu Kecheng, Lei Zhendong, Ren Yunying, Chang Haiqing, Ma Long.

 

3.工作营启动

工作营于2018430日至528日在西安建筑科技大学建筑学院和贾平凹文学艺术中心进行,主题为继承与振兴——柞水县凤凰古镇更新设计,共有中意师生30余人。工作营以中国工程院院士、建筑学院院长刘加平院士在柞水县的院士工作站为依托,以柞水凤凰古镇为对象,展开一系列调查,并基于调研成果进行进一步的设计研究。工作营启动会议于430日上午在西安建筑科技大学贾平凹文学艺术馆举行。雷振东副院长代表西安建筑科技大学建筑学院向两校师生介绍了本次工作营的基本情况和背景。李岳岩副院长做了开题演讲,Laura Pezzetti教授讲解了第一阶段的调研内容及具体要求。

3. Workshop Kick-off Meeting

The workshop has been conducted from April 30th to May 28th 2018 by the School of Architecture, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, and Jia Ping Wa Literature and Art Gallery. The theme has been focused on“Built Heritage and Revitalization - Design Strategies for Fenghuang Old Town in Zhashui County”, with 30 participants between Chinese and Italian professors, teachers and students.

The case study is located in Zhashui County, which is one of the workstations settled by Professor Liu Jiaping, Dean of the XAUAT School of Architecture’s and Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering.

The workshop’s kick-off meeting was held in the morning of April 30 at the Jia Pingwa Literature Art Museum of Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology. Deputy Dean Lei Zhendong, on behalf of the School of Architecture of Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, introduced to the teachers and students of the two universities the relevance and background of this workshop.

Deputy Dean Li Yueyan gave an opening speech while Professor Laura Pezzetti explained the theoretical approach and the methodology to investigate the selected context, explaining why reading is already the first step to start an integrated conservation and design strategy. She also illustrated the contents and steps of onsite survey methodology, its aims and the specific requirements for this first phase.

During the first week, a series of investigations have been conducted in the old town of Fenghuang and first strategies were envisioned on the base of the research results.

 

4.教学进程

 

4. Teaching process

 

l  4.30 Laura A. Pezzetti

基于形态学设定调研文脉深层结构的内容方法。

 

l  5.15 Laura A. Pezzetti

基于地形学与类型城市形态学,教授设计分析策略Setting the strategy based on topography and morphotypological analysis

 

l  5.1~5.7 场地调研

采用无人机等技术进行现场调研

 

l  5.10 前期:调研汇报

Laura A. Pezzetti教授, 李岳岩教授, 常海青教授,马龙教授,崔陇鹏教授,李琨老师, 吴冠宇老师,同庆楠老师参与了评图。

 

l  5.11 Nora Lombardini教授

Method and Practice for the Conservation and Cultural Heritage in the present times: potentiality for an intercultural dialogue.

5.11 王燚博士

王燚博士对凤凰村现状进行深入汇报,并提出十分具有启示意义的关键词,引发同学们思考。

l  5.16 崔陇鹏教授

崔陇鹏教授对传统材料在乡村更新中的利用,结合实际项目进行简要的介绍。

 

l  5.17中期:设计概念方案汇报

Laura A. Pezzetti教授, 李岳岩教授,马龙教授,崔陇鹏教授,李琨老师, 吴冠宇老师,同庆楠老师参与了评图。

 

l  5.18 李岳岩教授

李岳岩教授通过对传统基于五行理论的哲学观念进行了介绍,并指出其对中国建筑及周边环境设计的影响。

 

l  5.23 王树声教授

王树声教授作了题为“中国城市规划传统的代意义”的报告。

 

l  5.26 中期评图

工作坊在东楼四楼进行布展,同学们向各位教授汇报了终期成果。

 

 

 

l  4.30 Laura A. Pezzetti

Survey methodology to investigate the deep structure of the context

 

l  5.15 Laura A. Pezzetti

Setting the strategy based on topography and morphotypological analysis

 

l  5.1~5.7 Field Survey

Survey using drones to take bird view picture of the village

l  5.10 Early Stage – Presentation of Investigation

Prof. Laura A. Pezzetti, Prof Li Yueyan, Prof. Chang Haiqing, Prof. Ma Long , Li Kun, Wu Guanyu, Tong Qingnan, participated the Review

l  5.11 Nora Lombardini

Method and Practice for the Conservation and Cultural Heritage in the present times: potentiality for an intercultural dialogue.

5.11 Dr. Wang Yi

Doctor Wang Yi gave lecture about the basic background information about Fenghuang Village

l  5.16 Prof. Cui Longpeng

Prof. Cui gave a brief introduction of the use of traditional materials in the village renewal. He also explained the design of structural joint, taking several practice cases as examples.

l  5.17 Mid-term: Conceptional Design presentation

Prof. Laura A. Pezzetti, Prof. Li Yueyan, Prof. Ma Long, Cui Longpeng, Li Kun, Wu Guanyu, Tong Qingnan, participated the Review.

l  5.18 Prof. Li Yueyan

Prof, Li presented the theory of five elements in the traditional philosophy and introduced the influence of China's unique philosophical system on architecture and the surrounding environment.

l  5.23 Prof. Wang Shusheng

Prof. Wang Shusheng gave an academic lecture entitled “The Modern Significance of China's Urban Planning Traditions”.

l  5.26 Final critic

Workshop came to the final presentation and report, exhibiting the design panels in the East Building 4th Floor Architecture Square.

 

 

第一周: 现场调查调  Week 1: Field Survey

场地调研与分析研究,通过采用无人机调研等方式,同学们对村落进行拍摄与现状记录,为后期设计积累基础材料。

On site surveys and research, using drones to understand and record the current conditions of the town in May 2018.

(图1-1. 调研采用无人机拍摄村落   pic1. Using drones to investigate the village

(图1-2. 调研采用无人机拍摄村落 pic2.   Using drones to investigate the village.

(图2. 授探讨调研方案 pic3. Prof. Laura A.   Pezzetti, Prof. Li Yueyan, and Prof. Lombardini discussing field operations   in the village

 

同学们在广泛访谈、重点测绘的基础上,针对凤凰古镇保护核心区的重点建筑,绘制出详尽的类型地图。并针对各自区域的重点建筑,进行现状残损状态的图片调研, 为下一个阶段的科学修复与保护更新准备了详实的资料。

Based on the assigned different kind of detailed surveys, mapping and focused interviews, the students mapped and understood the present morphology of the core area of Fenghuang Town.

 Prof. Pezzetti assigned some relevant key sections to be investigated deeply at both architectural and landscape scale, mapping also the state of decay to be investigated further, preparing for the next phase of scientific restoration and renewal design


 

(图3.Pezzetti 教授与同学们讨论测绘内容.   Pic4 In the village, Prof. Laura A. Pezzetti and students reviewing investigation   contents

 


 

(图4.同学们绘制测绘图纸. pic3 In the village,   Prof. Laura A. Pezzetti discussing with students mapping and investigation   issues

 

 

 

During the week, the team also met with the Mayor Mr Jiang, some local government leaders, villagers and skilled traditional craftsmen.


 


 

(5,图6:与当地政府领导、村民及传统匠人座谈Pic 5. Pic 6. Discussion with the Mayor Mr Jiang, local government   leaders, villagers and traditional craftsmen)

 

 

 


 


 


 


 


 

(7,图8, 9:图10, 11:调研成果汇报 Pic 7. Pic 8. Pic9: Pic   10. Pic11: Different stages of reports and reviews)

 

 

 

 

第二周:调研成果整理、设计研究及研讨  Week 2: Design studies and Discussion

 

5.7基于场地调研结果,相关文件,地形学与类型形态学交叉调研,Laura A. Pezzetti 教授向大家讲解了历史文件与现场调研所揭示出的场地背后的深层结构, 并对其中四个保护与设计相结合的重点实验区域,进行进一步研究,这些区域可以包含并代表了一些反复出现的关键问题与挑战:例如,居住建筑可持续再利用的介入与新旧嫁接;整体性保护与展示设计;老街中现代非法私搭乱建的整修设计;对已消失建筑的批判性重建;基于原型分析的新景观系统及建筑设计。

5.7 Based on the onsite survey results, documents, topography and typo-morphological crossed investigation, Professor Laura A. Pezzetti presented the formal structure highlighted by historical documents and onsite survey while pinpointing the 4 key pilot areas to be selected for both conservation and design since they contained and represented some recurrent crucial issues and challenges: insertion and grafting for sustainable reuse of residential heritage, integrating conservation project and design enhancement; the remodeling of modern illegal construction within the old street; the critical reconstruction pertaining disappeared historical buildings; the construction of a new sustainable landscape and prototypes.

 

对现行保规进行分析之后,结合场地调研,Pezzetti教授提出了从保护与振兴出发的全新的设计策略。基于此,同学们被分为5组:总体保护与复兴策略与规划;对核心区重点历史建筑的保护与更新设计;核心区遗址的展示设计;旧建筑之间的新建筑加建设计;基于原型分析的环境协调区地景设计。

Analyzing the troublesome current protection plan, she portrayed a complete different strategy and concepts at the base of a conservation and revitalization plan based on urban analysis.

Accordingly, the students were divided into five groups: overall conservation and revitalization strategy and planning; protection and design enhancement of key historical buildings in the core protection area; demonstration design for the ruins in the core; addition design of new buildings between old buildings; the landscape coordination area design, integrated with new sustainable prototypes design.

 


 

(12Pezzetti教授与同学们讨论分组设计   Pic 12. Prof. Pezzetti discussing the strategy scheme with   students)

 

 

 

5.11 为了设定共同的设计理念和目标,Nora Lombardini 作了题为“现代文化遗产保护方法与实践: 一个跨文化交流的可能性”。主要讨论了特定文化语境下修复的含义以及如何实施一个基于现有修复知识和历史调研的科学诊断

5.11 To set some shared basis and goals about conservation, Professor Nora Lombardini gave a lecture entitled “Method and practice for the Conservation of Cultural Heritage in the present times: potentiality for an intercultural dialogue”. The discussion focused on what is the restoration in the selected context and how to conduct a scientific diagnosis based on existing restoration knowledge and historical research.

 


 

(13 Nora Lombardini教授在汇报中,Pic13Prof. Nora   Lombardini giving the lecture)

 

 

 

第三周:设计研究、研讨及成果制作 Week 3-4: Research through Design, Discussion and Outcomes

 

在收集调研材料,提出设计概念,与小组讨论的过程中,同学们也从各样相关的汇报与演讲中获益良多。

Along with the design work and ongoing collective or group discussion, the students could benefit of some introduction to related topics.

 

5.16 崔陇鹏教授作了传统材料在村落更新中如何运用的汇报,并介绍了若干自己在实践过程中遇到的问题与应对策略,结合实例,对材料构造节点,材料如何搭配使用,进行了分析介绍。

5.16 Professor Cui Lonpeng gave an introduction to the use of traditional materials such as earth in village renewal. He also explained the problems of design for structural joints, taking several practice cases as examples.

 

(14: 崔陇鹏教授在演讲中,Pic14Prof. Cui giving a lecture)

 


 

(15: 崔陇鹏教授与同学们讨论方案,Pic15Prof. Cui discussing a design scheme with students)

 

 

5.18  李岳岩教授从传统哲学观中的五行理论出发,介绍了中国特有的哲学体系对建筑及周边环境的影响。基于五行理论介绍了中国建筑所表现出的特征背后,深层次的哲学理念。并结合案例分析介绍了传统观念如何影响传统的建筑的选址、布局、用材等特征。

5.18 Prof. Li Yueyan presented the theory of five elements in the traditional philosophy and introduced the influence of China's unique philosophical system on architecture and the surrounding environment. Based on the Five Elements Theory, the philosophical concepts behind the features of Chinese architecture have been introduced. Combined with the case analysis, he explains how traditional concepts influence the characteristics of site selection, layout, and materials used in traditional buildings.


 

(16:李岳岩教授在演讲中,Pic16Prof. Li Yueyan giving a lecture)

 

 

 

5.23  王树声教授作了题为“中国城市规划传统的现代意义”的学术讲座,从人文优先,风景关联,历史接续,革化调试等方面介绍了中国传统城市规划理念。基于大量历史文献和城图,对结合自然山水,人文空间结构塑造,古迹保护传承,经济发展与环境秩序维系等规划传统,进行分析讲解。

 

5.23 Professor Wang Shusheng gave an academic lecture entitled “The Modern Significance of China's Urban Planning Traditions”. He introduced China's traditional urban planning concepts from the aspects of humanistic priorities, landscape relevance, historical continuity, and transformation and adjustment. Based on a large number of historical documents and cityes maps, he explained the  planning traditions, combining with natural landscapes, humanistic spatial structure, historical heritage protection, economic development and environmental order maintenance.


 

(17: 王树声教授在演讲中,Pic17Prof. Wang Shusheng giving a lecture)

 

 

 

 

5.26 终期汇报

 经过多日与教授们深入的讨论和紧张而忙碌的工作,工作营迎来最终汇报。 建筑学院李立敏老师,李岳岩老师,范征宇老师, 崔陇鹏老师, 李焜老师, 吴冠宇老师,同庆楠老师,王墨泽老师以及美国内布拉斯加林肯大学城市设计方向 Mark.Hoistad 教授,与Laura Pezzetti教授共同对最终呈现的设计成果给予中肯的点评和优化建议。

5.26 Final critic

After many days of deep discussions with the professors and intense work, the workshop came to the final presentation and report, exhibiting the design panels in the East Building 4th Floor Architecture Square.

Directors Professor Laura Anna Pezzetti and Li Yueyan, along with Fan Zhengyu, Cui Longpeng and the invited guest professors in the Architectural School of Xauat Li Limin and in University of Lincoln, Nebraska, USA Mark Hoistad, as well as the teachers Li Wei, Wu Guanyu, Tong Qingnan, Wang Moze, discussed the final outcomes adding precious suggestions to students.


 


 

(18~21 最终汇报照片Pic 18~21: final presentation photos)


 


 

(22~23 工作团队照片Pic 22~23 Working team Photo)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

主办单位

西安建筑科技大学建筑学院

米兰理工大学建筑学院

 

支持单位

商洛市柞水县人民政府

柞水县凤凰镇人民政府

凤凰镇凤镇社区

凤凰古镇建筑遗产保护管委会

Host of the Programme

Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology

Politecnico di Milano, School of Architecture Urban Planning Construction Engineering (AUIC) and Department of Architecture, Built Environment, Construction Engineering (ABC)

Supporting Institutions

Shangluo County Local Government

Zhashui County Local Government

Fenghuang Town Feng Town Community

Fenghuang old Town Architectural Heritage Protection Management Committee





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